Hydrogen Valleys are integrated ecosystems that encompass the entire hydrogen value chain, from production to various end-uses, fostering regional decarbonisation and economic development.
In Europe and the UK, several significant Hydrogen Valleys are under development, each involving key companies and ambitious projects aimed at scaling up hydrogen production in the coming years. Haush is highlighting a few of the Hydrogen Valley projects, however, there are many more that will be referred to in follow-up articles.
Asturias H2 Valley (Spain)
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Lead Company:
EDP (Energias de Portugal)
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production via electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2027: 150 MW electrolyser capacity, producing approximately 27,000 kg of hydrogen daily.
- By 2030: Expansion to 1,000 MW capacity, with an estimated daily production of 180,000 kg of hydrogen.
The Asturias project aims to supply green hydrogen to local industries, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the region.
Castellón Green Hydrogen Project (Spain)
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Lead Companies:
Iberdrola and BP
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production through electrolysis using renewable energy.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2026: 25 MW electrolyser capacity, producing approximately 7,700 kg of hydrogen daily.
- Future Phases: Potential expansion to supply hydrogen to various industries, including ceramics and heavy transport.
The initial phase focuses on decarbonising BP’s refinery operations in Castellón, with plans to extend hydrogen use to other sectors in subsequent phases.
Felixstowe Hydrogen Project (UK)
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Lead Company:
Iberdrola
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production via electrolysis powered by renewable energy.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2030: 100 MW electrolyser capacity, with an estimated daily production of 20,000 kg of hydrogen.
This project aims to decarbonise port operations at Felixstowe, contributing to the UK’s broader hydrogen strategy.
Pembroke Hydrogen Projects (Wales, UK)
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Lead Company:
RWE
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production via electrolysis powered by renewable energy.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2028: 100 MW electrolyser capacity, with an estimated daily production of 20,000 kg of hydrogen.
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Lead Company:
Haush
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production via electrolysis powered by renewable energy.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2026: 15 MW electrolyser capacity, with an estimated daily production of 6,000 kg of hydrogen.
This project aims to decarbonise port operations at Pembroke, contributing to the UK’s broader hydrogen strategy.
Cromarty Hydrogen Project (Scotland, UK)
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Lead Company:
RWE
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production through electrolysis using renewable energy sources.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2027: 29 MW electrolyser capacity, producing approximately 5,800 kg of hydrogen daily.
The Cromarty project is designed to supply green hydrogen to the whisky industry in Scotland, aiding in the decarbonisation of traditional manufacturing processes.
Moeve’s Green Hydrogen Plant (Huelva, Spain)
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Lead Company:
Moeve
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Hydrogen Production Process:
Green hydrogen production via electrolysis powered by renewable energy.
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Planned Capacity and Production:
- By 2027: 400 MW electrolyser capacity, producing approximately 80,000 kg of hydrogen daily.
- By 2030: Expansion to 2,000 MW capacity, with an estimated daily production of 400,000 kg of hydrogen.
This flagship project underscores Moeve’s commitment to sustainable energy solutions and aligns with Europe’s renewable hydrogen targets.
These projects represent some of the significant strides in establishing Hydrogen Valleys across Europe and the UK, each contributing to the regional and global efforts to transition to sustainable energy sources. The planned capacities and production figures are subject to change as projects develop and new data becomes available.
Hydrogen Trends
As Europe moves towards its net zero targets in 2030, Haush looks at the trends and insights per Hydrogen Valley, by focusing on key dimensions such as production capacity, end-use sectors, technological processes, and geographical distribution. Here are the major trends and insights we have uncovered:
Geographical Distribution Trends
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Germany, France and the Netherlands:
Lead in the number of projects and overall production capacity, reflecting strong hydrogen strategies and government support in these countries.
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Austria, Denmark and Finland
Show growth in small-to-medium-sized projects, focusing on mobility and industrial heat applications.
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Emerging hubs in Portugal, Hungary and Norway
Indicate expanding interest beyond traditional hydrogen leaders.
Production Capacity Insights
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Large-scale projects:
(100–200 MW) are concentrated in industrial hubs:- Normand’Hy (France) – 200 MW (Refining)
- Holland Hydrogen (Netherlands) – 200 MW (Refining)
- SALCOS (Germany) – 100 MW (Steel industry)
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Mid-sized projects:
(10–50 MW) focus on:- Refining (HySynergy, Denmark – 20 MW)
- E-fuels and ammonia production (P2X Harjavalta, Finland – 20 MW)
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Small-scale projects:
(<5 MW) dominate mobility, blending, and residential heat sectors.
End-Use Sector Patterns
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Mobility
is the most common end-use, especially in Germany, France, and the Netherlands with projects supporting hydrogen fueling stations and public transport.
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Refining and industrial heat
are major drivers in Germany, Austria, and Denmark, indicating strong industrial decarbonisation efforts.
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Power generation
is growing in Portugal, Norway, and the Netherlands, linked to renewable energy integration.
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E-fuels and ammonia production
are rising trends, particularly in Finland, Spain, and Norway.
Technological Process Trends
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Water electrolysis
is the dominant production process, reflecting the shift toward green hydrogen.
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PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) vs. Alkaline Electrolysis:
- PEM is favoured in projects focused on mobility due to faster response times (Jupiter 1000, France).
- Alkaline is preferred for large-scale industrial uses (GET H2 Lingen, Germany).
Key Trends Summary
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Scale-up of Production:
Increasing project sizes, especially for industrial applications and e-fuels.
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Diversification of End-Uses:
Expansion beyond mobility into ammonia, methanol, and blending with natural gas.
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Regional Specialization:
- Germany → Steel & refining
- Netherlands → Power generation & refining
- Norway & Spain → Green ammonia & e-fuels
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Cross-border Collaboration:
Several projects involve partnerships across countries, enhancing supply chain resilience.
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